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Yeyiphi imigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe kunye neemfuno zovavanyo lwezitulo eziqhutywayo zombane?

Ngokuhamba kwexesha, imilinganiselo yokuphila yabantu iye yaphucuka, yaye inkqubo yelizwe iye yaphuculwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo.Uthotho lwemigangatho luqulunqelwe ubomi kunye nomsebenzi wabantu, ngenjongo yokuqinisekisa ukuba amalungelo abantu kunye nemidla yabo ayonakaliswa, kunye nokwenza isiqhelo kwimarike yangoku.Kutshanje, Abanye abasebenzisi bomnxeba bathi ayisenangxaki kubantu abadala emakhaya, kwaye bafuna ukuthengela abantu abadala isitulo esinamavili sombane ukuze kube lula ukuhambahamba, kodwa ababazi ubuchwephesha obahlukeneyo bezitulo ezinamavili zombane, kwaye ababazi. indlela yokubhekisa kubo xa ubakhetha.Ngapha koko, nazo zithengelwa abantu abadala, ngoko kufuneka zithengwe.Izitulo ezinamavili ezikhuselekileyo, ekulula ukuzisebenzisa.Mandinazise imigangatho yamva nje yovavanyo lwezitulo ezinamavili ezikhutshwe lilizwe, ukuze uzikhethe ngokulula.

Umgangatho wesizwe wangoku wezihlalo zabakhubazekileyo zombane yi-GB/T13800-92, echaza imigaqo, iimodeli, ukusebenza kokhuseleko, iindlela zokuvavanya, imithetho yokuhlola, njl.Apha ikakhulu sithetha ngeemfuno kunye neendlela zovavanyo zezalathisi eziphambili zokusebenza kwezitulo ezinamavili ezinxibelelene ngokusondeleyo kubathengi kumgangatho.

1. Ukumiswa kwevili
Xa umsebenzisi eqhuba ngokuzimeleyo, ukuba uthe ngempazamo ucinezela ilitye okanye uwela umqolo omncinci, amanye amavili akakwazi ukuxhoma emoyeni, okubangela ukuba ulwalathiso luphulukane nolawulo, kwaye lubangele ukuba imoto ijike ngokukhawuleza kwaye ibangele ingozi.
Iimfuno zovavanyo: beka isitulo esinamavili ngokuthe tye kwibhentshi yovavanyo, yenza ibhola ekhatywayo enobunzima be-25 kg yesanti yentsimbi iwe ngokukhululekileyo esihlalweni kangangezihlandlo ezi-3 ukusuka kubude obungama-250 mm, akufuneki kubekho deformation, ukuphuka, ukukrazula, ukudiliza. kunye nomonakalo kunye nezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga.

2. Uzinzo oluzinzileyo
Xa umsebenzisi eqhuba ngokuzimeleyo ukukhwela phezulu (ezantsi) kwirempu, okanye aqhube ukuwela irempu, isitulo esinamavili ngokwaso sikhaphukhaphu kwaye kulula ukusithambeka, kodwa kwindawo ethile ithambeka, asikwazi “ukujikela emqolo” intloko yepokotho” okanye ijikelwe emacaleni.
Iimfuno zovavanyo: Beka isitulo esinamavili esinamavili amane esixhotyiswe ngedummy yovavanyo kunye nesiqhoboshi kwiqonga lovavanyo ngokuthambekela okuhlengahlengiswayo, beka kuqala isitulo esinamavili sombane kwicala lokutyhala phezulu nasezantsi kwithambeka, kwaye unyuse iqonga ngesantya esifanayo. I-Slope, ngaphakathi kwe-10 °, amavili kwindawo yokunyuka akufanele ashiye itafile yokuvavanya;emva koko ucinezele isitulo esinamavili ukuya ekhohlo nasekunene ukuze usibeke kwii-engile zasekunene kwi-slope, kwaye ngaphakathi kwe-15 °, amavili akwindawo yokunyuka kufuneka angayishiyi itafile yovavanyo.

3. Ukuma kwethambeka lokusebenza
Umntu onyamekela isitulo esinamavili watyhala lowo uyisebenzisayo ukuya kwithambeka waza waziqhobosha iziqhoboshi ngesizathu esithile waza wemka.Ngenxa yoko, isitulo esinamavili siye satyibilika kwithambeka okanye sijike, nto leyo engalindelekanga.Esi salathisi kukuphepha ukuba iimeko ezinjalo zingenzeki.
Iimfuno zovavanyo: Lungisa iziqhoboshi zesitulo esinamavili amane esixhotyiswe ngedummy yovavanyo ngokufanelekileyo kwaye uyiqinise, uyibeke eqongeni lovavanyo ngokuthambekela okuhlengahlengiswayo ngokweendlela ezine zokuya phambili, ngasemva, ekhohlo nasekunene, kwaye ubeke ii-casters. Kwindawo yokutsala, yandisa i-slope yeqonga ngesantya esingaguqukiyo, kwaye ngaphakathi kwe-8 °, akufuneki kubekho ukuqengqeleka, ukutyibilika, okanye into yokuba amavili ashiye iqonga lovavanyo.

Le ingentla yimigangatho emithathu yokuphunyezwa kwezitulo ezinamavili zombane kwilizwe lethu kunye neendlela zokuvavanya ezihambelanayo.Kithina bathengi, ukuthenga imveliso ekhuselekileyo, ekhuselekileyo nefanelekileyo ngumnqweno wethu ngamnye wethu, kodwa kwabanye abafumana inzuzo kunye namashishini angenangqondo, banqwenela ukufuna inzuzo.Kodwa ngeendlela ezi ngasentla, wonke umntu kufuneka abe nemigangatho ethile kunye neendlela xa ukhetha izitulo ezinamavili.Ngokukodwa kwezinye iindawo zokuthengisa ezingaziwayo, kufuneka uvavanye.Ukuba uya kwimarike eqhelekileyo, ungaqiniseka, kodwa unokuzama Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, akukho 100% yokupasa.Kuphelele apho kwintshayelelo yanamhlanje, ndiyathemba ukuba ingakunceda.


Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-20-2023