Njengesixhobo esincedisayo, isitulo esinamavili asinto yanto kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla.Kwizothutho ngenqwelomoya, abakhweli bezitulo ezinamavili akubandakanyi abakhweli abakhubazekileyo kuphela abafuna ukusebenzisa izitulo ezinamavili, kodwa nazo zonke iindidi zabakhweli abafuna uncedo lwesitulo esinamavili, njengabakhweli abagulayo kunye nabantu abadala.
01.
Ngabaphi abakhweli abanokuza nezitulo zamavili zombane?
Abakhweli abanokuhamba okulinganiselweyo ngenxa yokukhubazeka, impilo okanye izizathu zobudala okanye iingxaki zokuhamba okwethutyana banokuhamba ngesitulo esinamavili sombane okanye isincedisi sokushukuma sombane, ngokuxhomekeke kwimvume yenkampani yenqwelomoya.
02.
Zeziphi iintlobo zezitulo zamavili zombane ezikhoyo?
Ngokweebhetri ezahlukeneyo ezifakiweyo, zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezintathu:
(1) Isitulo esinamavili sombane/isihambi esiqhutywa yibhetri ye-lithium
(2) Izitulo ezinamavili/izihamba zihamba ngeebhetri ezitywiniweyo ezimanzi, iibhetri zenickel metal hydride okanye iibhetri ezomileyo.
(3) Izitulo ezinamavili/iinqwelo zokuhamba eziqhutywa ziibhetri ezimanzi ezingavalwanga
03.
Zeziphi iimfuno ezihlangabezana nezitulo zamavili zombane eziqhutywa ziibhetri ze-lithium?
(1) Amalungiselelo angaphambili:
Inqwelo-moya esetyenziswa ngumthuthi yahlukile, kwaye nenani labakhweli abafuna izitulo ezinamavili kwinqwelomoya nganye nalo lilinganiselwe.Ukufumana iinkcukacha, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nomphathiswa ofanelekileyo ukuze ubone ukuba ingaba yamkelwe.Ukuze kube lula ukusetyenzwa nokwamkelwa kwezitulo ezinamavili, xa abakhweli befuna ukuza nezitulo zabo ezinamavili ngexesha lohambo, kufuneka bazise zonke iinqwelo-moya ezithatha inxaxheba kwangaphambili.
2) Susa okanye ubuyisele ibhetri:
* Ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zovavanyo zecandelo le-UN38.3;
*Kufuneka ukhuselwe kumonakalo (ubekwe kwibhokisi yokukhusela);
*Uthutho kwi-cabin.
3) Ibhetri esusiwe: akukho ngaphezulu kwe-300Wh.
(4) Imimiselo ephetheyo yobuninzi beebhetri ezingasebenziyo:
*Ibhetri: hayi ngaphezulu kwe-300Wh;
*Iibhetri ezimbini: azigqithi kwi-160Wh inye.
(5) Ukuba ibhetri iyaqhawuka, abasebenzi benkampani yenqwelomoya okanye yomenzeli kufuneka bayiqhawule ibhetri bayibeke kwikhabhathi yabakhweli njengomthwalo wesandla, kwaye isitulo esinamavili ngokwaso sinokufakwa kwindawo yomthwalo njengomthwalo otshekiweyo kwaye ukhuselwe.Ukuba ibhetri ayinako ukuqhawuka, abasebenzi benkampani yeenqwelomoya okanye iarhente kufuneka baqale bagwebe ukuba ingajongwa ngokohlobo lwebhetri, kwaye ezo zinokujongwa kufuneka zifakwe kwindawo yokugcina impahla kwaye ilungiswe njengoko kufuneka.
(6) Ukuthutha zonke izitulo ezinamavili zombane, “Isaziso sikaKapteni esiKhethekileyo” kufuneka sigcwaliswe njengoko kufuneka.
04.
Iingozi zeebhetri zeLithium
*Isenzo sobundlobongela esizenzekelayo.
* Ukusebenza okungafanelekanga kunye nezinye izizathu kunokubangela ukuba ibhetri ye-lithium iphendule ngokuzenzekelayo, iqondo lokushisa liya kunyuka, kwaye ke i-thermal runaway iya kubangela ukutsha kunye nokuqhuma.
• Inokwenza ubushushu obaneleyo ukubangela ukubaleka kweebhetri ze-lithium ezikufutshane, okanye ukutshisa izinto ezikufuphi.
*I-Helen Fire Extinguisher inokucima amadangatye avulekileyo, ayinakunqanda ukubaleka kobushushu.
* Xa ibhetri ye-lithium itshisa, ivelisa igesi eyingozi kunye nothuli oluninzi oluyingozi, oluchaphazela ukubonakala kwabasebenzi beenqwelo-moya kwaye lubeka engozini impilo yabasebenzi kunye nabagibeli.
05.
Iimfuno zokulayisha isitulo esinamavili sombane esinebhetri yeLithium
*Indawo yokuthwala impahla enkulu kakhulu
• Ibhetri yeLithium iyatsha ekhabhathini
*Ii-Electrodes kufuneka zikhuselwe
*Ibhetri inokukhutshwa ngokukhawuleza xa inokususwa
*Yazisa umphathi ngaphandle kwenkathazo
06.
ingxaki eqhelekileyo
(1) Indlela yokugweba i-Wh yebhetri ye-lithium?
Wh ukale amandla=V amandla ombane aqhelekileyo*Ah amandla alinganisiweyo
Iingcebiso: Ukuba amaxabiso ombane amaninzi aphawulwe kwibhetri, njengevoltheji ephumayo, i-voltage yegalelo kunye ne-rerated voltage, i-voltage elinganisiweyo kufuneka ithathwe.
(2) Ibhetri inokuthintela njani ngokufanelekileyo isiphaluka esifutshane?
* Ifakwe ngokupheleleyo kwibhokisi yebhetri;
*Khusela ii-electrode ezivezwayo okanye ujongano, olufana nokusebenzisa iminqwazi engasebenzisiyo, iteyiphu okanye ezinye iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokugquma;
*Ibhetri esusiweyo kufuneka ipakishwe ngokupheleleyo kwipakethe yangaphakathi eyenziwe ngezinto ezingezizo izinto zokuqhuba (ezifana nengxowa yeplastiki) kwaye igcinwe kude kwizinto zokuqhuba.
(3) Ukuqinisekisa njani ukuba isiphaluka siqhawulwe?
*Sebenzisa ngokwesikhokelo somsebenzisi somenzi okanye isantya somkhweli;
*Ukuba kukho isitshixo, cima umbane, khulula isitshixo kwaye uvumele umkhweli asigcine;
*Susa indibano yovuyo;
* Yahlula iplagi yentambo yamandla okanye isinxibelelanisi kufutshane nebhetri kangangoko.
Ukhuseleko aluyonto incinci!
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba ingqongqo yaye ingqongqo kangakanani na imithetho, injongo yayo kukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwenqwelo-moya nokukhusela ubomi nempahla yabantu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-13-2022